Abstract: Yemeni banknotes (paper currencies and coins) of different values, resources and categories (including workers, sellers and school students) were microbially assessed. Samples were collected from different resources and examined for the microbial contamination. In general, the banknotes’ samples were found to be of high loaded with a variety of bacterial and fungal species. The mean counts of aerobic mesophilic bacteria in the three banknotes were 172.55, 228.42 and 70.64 CFU/mL, respectively. The mean counts of molds in currencies collected from the three categories were 11.83, 7.06 and 3.94 CFU/mL, respectively. Bacterial assessments of Yemeni currencies exhibited that they were loaded with various bacterial species ranging from nonpathogenic bacteria to the potential pathogenic species such as Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Escherichia coli. The results also showed that the most dominant fungal genera were Aspergillus and Rhizopus. In addition to the wide variety of species present, the load of microorganisms and the level of their spread were also shocking. The data reflect the potential role of banknotes as a potential source for microbial infections and pathogenicity. This necessitates the need to increase the awareness of their possible role in spreading diseases and the need to deal with them as a suspicious source of infection. Key words: Banknotes, contamination, bacteria, fungi, pathogens, Taiz, Yemen.